Class 12 Physical Education Chapter 2 Adventure Sports and Leadership Training

                    

Class 12 Physical Education Chapter 2 Adventure Sports and   Leadership Training

 

Key Points :

1. Meaning and Objectives of Adventure Sports
2. Types of Activities-Camping, Rock Climbing, Tracking, River Rafting & Mountaineering
3. Material Requirement and Safety Measures
4. Identification and use of Natural Resources
5. Conservation of Surroundings
6. Creating Leaders through Physical Education

2.1 Adventure Sports:-Adventurous Sports are such type of Sports which involve Extraordinary speed, height, physical exertion and surprising stunts.



“The main Aim of the Adventure Sports is to provide a carefully Planned stimulating environment which will help each individual and excellent foundation for creative learning and independence”


1 Thrill, excitement and fun
2 Exposure to nature
3 Self-assessment
4 Overcome fears and develop self-confidence
5 Enhancement of decision making power
6 Channalization of Energy
7 Stress booster
8 Information and knowledge enhancement
9 Development of balanced and positive attitude towards life
10 Bulid concentration
11 Encouragemen to social relationship and team work
12 Develop motor and cognitive skills, creative learning
13 Inculcate the values among the children.
                      2.2 Types of Adventure Sports



- First Aid Box
- Rucksack Bag
- Tools for Adventure Sports according to the activity
- Sleeping bag
- Torch
- Foot wears as per activity

1. Clothes and personal care products according to the weather
2. Food items
3. Insect repellent
4. Knife
5. Rope
6. Windcheater
7. Map & compass
8. Sun cream lotions

                  Safety measures
- Basic knowledge of First aid for emergency
- Knowledge about the weather, Geographical condition & Hazards
- Drink sufficient water and liquids to avoid dehydration
- Use proper shoes or Boots according to the adventure activity
- Knowledge about the plants and animals in related areas
- Use multi-pocket carry bags for multi-purpose tasks
- Physical fitness
- Never consume alcohol
- Never Raft and track in the dark
- Notify others while raft or track
- Careful diet
- Avoid sickness or injury
- Be alert for each and every condition
- Prepare yourself
- Relax in every movement

- Ubiquitous (Sunlight & air)
- Local (Oil)
- Biotic (Petrol)
- Abiotic (Metals)
- Renewable (Sunlight ,air & water)
- Non-renewable(Uranium, Phosil fuels)

Conservation of Surroundings:-
“Environment conservation refers to the practice of protecting the environment,
On individual, Governmental levels.”
“Conservation of Environment simply means the sustainable use as well as the
Management of natural resources-Wild life, Water, Air, Energy, Earth deposits etc.”
The aim of Conservation of Environment is the balanced and appropriate Use
of Natural resources so that neither the Environment is effected nor the Coming
generation is deprived of them.

Creating the Leaders through Physical Education:-
Leaders are the individuals that help and guide followers to achieve personal
as well as group goals
Leadership:-
Leadership is the quality of a person to lead others in a family, society, tribe,
group or country.


Developing leadership qualities Through Physical Education
- Health & Energy
- Determination and Assertiveness
- Well Developed components of Physical Fitness
- Dedication and Discipline
- Truth
- Integrity
- Credit & deserving
- Fair and Persistent
- Good social and communication skills
- Inspiration, Ambitious & Motivation
- Logical and Decisive
- Confidence
- Flexibility
- Intelligent
- Innovative, Futuristic & Creative
- Endurance & Tolerance
- Judgement Skill

==========================================================================

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS 

1 Mark Questions
Question.1. Define leadership.
Answer. Leadership is the ability to build up confidence and zeal among people and to create an urge in them to be led.
Question.2. Define adventure sports.
Answer. The activities perceived as having a high level of inherent danger or those activities which often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialised gear are called adventure sports.
Question.3. Explain ‘Abiotic’ resources.
Answer. Abiotic resources are those that come from non-living, non-organic material. For example, land, fresh water, air and heavy metals including ores such as gold, iron, copper and silver etc.
Question.4. What do we mean by Biotic resources?
Answer. Biotic resources are obtained from the biosphere (living and organic material) such as forests and animals and the materials that can be obtained from them. These include coal and petroleum, as they are organic materials.
Question.5. Explain any two objectives of participation in adventure sports, [CBSE 2015 Sample Paper]
Answer. One objective is to develop self confidence, while another objective is to have bonding with nature.
Question.6. Enlist the equipment required for camping. [CBSE 2015 Sample Paper]
Answer. Camping requires a tent or caravan, sleeping bag, flashlight, cooking implements, tools, first aid kit,
hiking boots etc.
Question.7. Write the names of some natural resources.
Answer. Forests, wind, minerals / metal ores, sunlight, rocks, mountains, rivers, atmosphere, aqua culture, navigable channels, fossil fuels like oil and natural gas, soil and wildlife are some natural resources.
3 Marks Questions
Question.8. Elaborate the various leadership qualities one inculcates by participating in adventure sports. [CBSE 2015 Sample Paper]
Answer. Leadership qualities inculcated by participating in adventure sports are decisiveness, friendliness and affection, technical and administrative skill, intelligence, creativity, dedication and : determination, logical decision making, good communication, morality and loyalty, dynamism and energy, teaching skill, good health, high motor capacity, respect for others, interest in research and social skills.
Question.9. List six objectives of adventure sports.
Answer. The objectives of adventure sports are (any six)

1. To develop self confidence.
2. To build concentration.
3. To bond with nature.
4. To face challenges of crisis situations.
5. To properly channelise bodily energy.
6. To provide exhilaration, amusement and excitement.
7. To encourage creativity.
8. To develop mental and physical fitness.
9. To improve social relations.

Question.10. List three features of rock climbing activity.
Answer. Features of rock climbing are (any three)

1. It requires participants to climb on natural rock formations or on artificial rock walls.
2. It is a dangerous sports activity requiring strong mental control, agility, flexibility, endurance and various coordinative activities.
3. Its goal is to reach the apex or summit of a formation without falling.
4. Competitions in this activity are held either to complete a pre-fixed route in the minimum time or to reach the farthest point on a difficult route.
5. Different variations of this sport are termed as free, aided, traditional, sport or top rope climbing, free soloing and bouldering,

Question.11. What are six safety measures to be kept in mind while camping?
Answer. Safety measures to be kept in mind while camping are (any six)

1. Pack a first aid kit for use in emergencies.
2. Before starting for the camping site, go through the weather forecast for the area. At the camp site, watch the sky for changes.
3. Reach the camp site with enough time to check the complete site during day time.
4. Avoid areas of natural hazards for camping.
5. Keep fuel burning appliances like stoves far away from tents.
6. Inside the tents do not use candles or an open flame; instead, use a flashlight.
7. Do not leave waste products in an open area, but recycle them or bury them.
8. Beware when encountering wildlife.
9. Ensure to extinguish completely all fires after use; do not leave any smoldering embers.
10. Beware of poisonous plants, as they may be allergic.

Question.12. What are the different levels of trekking? Describe the levels in one sentence each.
Answer. The four levels of trekking are easy, moderate, strenuous and difficult. Easy trekking is for beginners and does not involve climbing to great heights. Moderate trekking is more energetic and of a duration of about ten days or more. Strenuous trekking involves ascent to heights up to 5000 m and requires some previous trekking experience. Difficult trekking, meant only for the real adventure seekers, may last for over a month.
Question.13. Explain three characteristics of river rafting activity.
Answer. The characteristics of river rafting activity are

1. It involves using a dinghy or raft for navigating fast flowing rivers.
2.  Due to the swift flow and rocks in the river, the passage requires good navigation skill for manoeuvering the raft.
3. It requires great physical and mental toughness to survive the ordeal without accident or injury.

Question.14. What are three advantages of engaging in mountaineering activity?
Answer. Three advantages of engaging in mountaineering activity are

1.  It is one of the finest outdoor opportunities available for lovers of heights.
2. It challenges the individual to display tremendous endurance, agility, strength and. mental patience.
3. It gives the unique experience of putting hands and feet onto rocks and ice to finally reach a summit.

Question.15. How do we distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources? Give one example of each.
Answer. Renewable resources are natural resources whose quantity is not significantly reduced by human consumption, as they get replaced through natural processes. An example of renewable resource is wind energy. Non-renewable resources are replaced very gradually (usually over millions of years) after they have been consumed by humans. An example of non-renewable resource is petroleum oil.
Question.16. List six qualities of an effective leader.
Answer. Qualities of an effective leader are (any six)

1. Decisiveness
2. Possessing coaching and teaching skills
3. Energetic (particularly in physical education / sports)
4. Creative personality
5. Possessing good health
6. Friendly and affectionate
7. Dedicated and determined
8. Having high motor capacity (particularly in physical education / sports)
9.  Having social skills
10. Logical decision maker
11. Loyal and having morality
12. A good communicator

Question.17. What do we mean by conservation of environment? List two steps we should take for conservation of forests.
Answer. Conservation of environment is the balanced and appropriate use of natural resources so that the environment is not significantly affected today and for future generations. It implies sustainable use and management of natural resources.
Two steps which we can take for conservation of forests are

1. Encourage planting of trees
2. Avoiding the use of wood in house construction.

5 Marks Questions
Question.18. Describe five safety measures to be taken while river rafting.
Answer. The safety measures to be taken while river rafting are (any five)

1. Never go on this activity alone. Always have a team of people in the raft.
2. All participants must have adequate capabilities as swimmers, just in case of an accident.
3. Always wear life vest and helmet while participating in this activity.
4. Before starting, check all the equipment to ensure everything is okay. Particularly check the dinghy / raft for any cracks and proper air level.
5. If any participant feels tired, he should not drag his paddle in the water, as it might hit a rock in the river.
6.  Drink plenty of liquids before, during and after the rafting activity, as this activity makes you dehydrated.
7.  End your rafting before darkness falls; if it is getting dark, don’t go for this activity.

Question.19. List five uses of water as a natural resource, in each case indicating how it can be conserved.
Answer. Uses of water as a natural resource are .

1. Using ground water (from wells / tube wells) for crop irrigation. This can be conserved by using sprinklers and drip irrigation method.
2. Use of rain water for multiple needs. By rain water harvesting, this can be used.
3. Reuse waste water flowing from industries after effluent treatment.
4. Using water for domestic needs like drinking, bathing, clothes washing etc. To conserve this, avoid keeping water taps open while brushing teeth, shaving etc. Also check and repair leakage in water taps or pipes.
5. Use of river water for multiple needs. This water must be treated for effluents before being released for irrigation.

Question.20. Explain five methods of conservation of environment which should be employed by persons engaging in adventure sports.
Answer. Methods of conservation of environment which should be employed by persons engaging in adventure sports are

1. Don’t leave leftover eatables or any rubbish by the roadside. Either dispose in a proper dumping place or bury it.
2. Dirty utensils and clothes should not be washed in streams. Collect water in a bucket and wash them with that.
3. Do not leave any non-biodegradable waste products at any place, but bring them back to deposit at waste collection centres or approved dumping sites.
4. Do not defecate or urinate near streams or on river banks.
5. Do not remove or cut trees, herbs or shrubs for burning fires or cooking during your activity.

Question.21. How can physical education create leaders and desirable qualities of leaders in people?
Answer. Leaders in the physical education field need to have both innate and acquired qualities. First and foremost, it is decided who are the people who should be developed as leaders. These are generally the people who have some innate leadership skills. Then those acquired skills are identified for development which this group of persons require. Then these budding leaders are given opportunities for organizing events, tournaments and competitions to develop the required skills. They are observed while performing the necessary actions for successful conclusion of these, all the time being advised on where they are going wrong. In this way, leaders can be created through physical education activities.