Chapter 1
An Introduction to Political Theory
CLICK HERE FOR VIDEO LECTURE : POLITICAL THEORY AN INTRODUCTION
Important Questions And Answer
QUESTION= What is the significance of political theory?
ANSWER= The importance of political theory is :
a. it critically evaluates values which are part of our life- freedom, equality and justice.
b. it defines the concepts and talks about its significance.
c. we will be all adults tomorrow and
have a right to vote. So we need to know which party is acting
responsibly and in the welfare of citizens. We need to have basic
knowledge of the political ideas and institutions.
d. tomorrow we may be lawyer, activists, teacher, politicians, judges, bureaucrats, so we must be aware of the political ideas.
e. political theory shapes our opinions and argue in an informed manner .
f. it examines the extent to which freedom is resent in the institutions.
g. it looks whether existing institutions are adequate and how existing institutions can be made more democratic.
h. it trains individual to think rationally about political questions.
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QUESTION= How does political theory allow us to think rationally?
ANSWER= Political Theory examines whether the
system is correct or not. it clearly define the values and sees whether
the current system is democratic and fair or not. it informs an
individual of the values which should exist in the system.
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QUESTION = How does political theory make society more democratic?
ANSWER= Political Theory examines whether the
system is correct or not. It clearly define the values and sees whether
the current system is democratic and fair or not. it informs an
individual of the values which should exist in the system.
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QUESTION= what is politics?
ANSWER= Politics is a process by which
decisions are taken in the interest of people. institutions decide what
is just and unjust. and then they collectively remove unjust practices
in the system. it is important in resolving conflicts over distribution
of resources and for development in society.
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QUESTION= Why politics has become a bad word?
ANSWER= Politics have become a bad word
because of the scams and scandals committed by our bureaucracy and
politicians. our political system has become corrupt where the office
holders think about expanding their own interests.
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QUESTION= How ordinary people carry out politics?
ANSWER= ordinary people organise campaigns
and form associations to put their demands forward to the government.
But if the government does not listen to their demands, then they
protest and organise rallies and demonstrations. protest by Anna Hazare
against corruption is a clear example.
QUESTION= what is the significance of politics?
ANSWER= politics is very important for the
progress and development of society. It is required for arriving at just
decisions and removing injustices in society. it allows for negotiations that go in society through collective decision making. it
resolves conflicts over distribution of resources.
QUESTION= How does politics help in resolving conflict over distribution of resources?
ANSWER= There are various groups in our
society. and all groups require resources to develop their community.
But, natural resources are scarce. so groups fight over these limited
resources. and here the government intervenes to help in just and equal
distribution of resources so that no community feel marginalised and
exploited.
QUESTION= Why do we need political theory?
ANSWER= we require political theory for:
a. it deals with ideas and principles that shape constitutions, governments and social life.
b. it clarifies the meaning of concepts like freedom, equality, justice, democracy, secularism etc.
c. political theorists examine arguments of thinkers and then defend values and shape possibilities for the future.
d. Although society has achieved freedom
and equality but there other sections that have not been able to get
minimum quality of life. so society still needs freedom and equality for
other section of society.
e. the world is changing and the meaning
of freedom and rights also change. so we need to be in touch with
political theory of what rights and what kinds of freedom needs to be
brought in. for example: we now have right to information.
QUESTION= Even though India has got independence, why do we need political theory?
ANSWER= Even though India has got
independence, we need political theory because there are still
restrictions on freedom in the form of discrimination on the basis of
caste, gender, region and religion. there is poverty and unemployment.
some are privileged while others are deprived of basic necessities. so
to bring freedom and equality to all sections, we require political
theory.
QUESTION= Why do we require political theory with changing times?
ANSWER= Society
changes with changing times. And as society changes, different
interpretations of concepts like freedom, equality, rights emerges. For
example: now our rights have been expanded and we have right to
information as one of our rights.
NCERT Solutions for Class 11th: Ch 1 Political Theory: An Introduction Political Science
Page No: 16Exercises
1.Which of the following statements are true/false about Political theory?
a. It discusses ideas that form the basis of political institutions
► True
b. It explains the relationship between different religions
► False
c. It explains the meanings of concepts like equality and freedom
► True
d. It predicts the performance of political parties
► False
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2. Politics is more than what politicians do. Do you agree with this statement? Give examples.
AnswerYes, Politics is more than what politicians do. Politicians as a part of government are involved in politics but it is more beyond this. Politics is an important and integral part of any society. Examples:
→ It involves what governments do and how they relate to the aspirations of the people
→ It involves how people struggle and influence decision making.
→ It involves how people engage in political activity whenever they negotiate with each other and take part in collective activities which are designed to promote social development and help to resolve common problems.
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3. Vigilant citizens are a must for the successful working of a democracy. Comment.
Answer
Vigilant citizens are a must for the successful working of a democracy as they helps in reaching the roots of the democracy. They create awareness among the masses about the rights of citizens and policies of the government which leads to mature discussion and debate on the issues. Thus, citizens can force the government to implement new policies or modify old one by mobilizing their opinion.==========================================================================
4. In what ways is the study of political theory useful for us? Identify four ways in which the political theory can be useful to us?
Answer
The study of political theory is useful for us in following ways:→ It is relevant for us now and also in future also we may choose it as a career.
→ As we are all going to be citizens entitled to vote and decide other issues. To act responsibly, it is helpful to have a basic knowledge of the political ideas and institutions of our country so that we can express our interest in thoughtful and mature way.
→ It encourages us to do is examine our ideas and feelings about political things which are not only abstract issues such as freedom, equality and secularism.
→ It exposes us to systematic thinking on justice or equality so that we can polish our opinions and argue in an informed manner and for the sake of common interests.
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5. Do you think that a good/convincing argument can compel others to listen to you?
Answer
Yes, a good/convincing argument can compel others to listen to someone. Arguments prove the degree of reason of a proposition and the need to defend it. A good defense is a compelling factor in the audience listening to the speaker. To provide good arguments we must have depth knowledge and thinking on that issue so that we can argue in informed manner and is for the sake of common interests. This compel others to listen our view.==========================================================================
6. Do you think studying political theory is like studying mathematics? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer
No, studying political theory is not like studying mathematics. Mathematics study objects and works on well defined concept and principles while political theory study people and have no exact concept and principles, it differ according to context.In political theory we deal with with the origins, meaning and significance of political ideas that we are familiar with such as freedom, equality, citizenship, justice, development, nationalism secularism etc, which have so many definitions but in mathematics we have one definition of a triangle or square. This is because opinion of people changes on issue like equality unlike objects.
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